Playwright for .NET is the official language port of Playwright, the library to automate Chromium, Firefox and WebKit with a single API.
操作记录
# 安装 Playwright 工具
dotnet tool install --global Microsoft.Playwright.CLI
# 创建项目
dotnet new console -n PlaywrightDemo
cd PlaywrightDemo
# 安装依赖
dotnet add package Microsoft.Playwright --prerelease
# 用Playwright 工具安装浏览器
playwright install
# chromium v888113 downloaded to C:\Users\gsw\AppData\Local\ms-playwright\chromium-888113
# firefox v1268 downloaded to C:\Users\gsw\AppData\Local\ms-playwright\firefox-1268
# webkit v1490 downloaded to C:\Users\gsw\AppData\Local\ms-playwright\webkit-1490
# ffmpeg v1005 downloaded to C:\Users\gsw\AppData\Local\ms-playwright\ffmpeg-1005
# 运行项目(PlaywrightDemo)
dotnet run
# 自动生成代码
playwright codegen
# 打开指定页面(可调试或生成代码)
playwright open https://gsw945.com/
# 以指定的语言、时区、和窗口大小，使用chromium浏览器打开指定页面，生成C#代码
playwright codegen --target csharp --browser chromium --channel chrome --lang "zh-CN" --timezone "Asia/Shanghai" --viewport-size "1920,1080" "https://gsw945.com/"
代码示例
using Microsoft.Playwright;
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
class Program
{
/// <summary>
/// 等待退出
/// </summary>
private static ManualResetEvent waitQuitEvent = new ManualResetEvent(initialState: false);
public static async Task Main()
{
// 设置调试相关环境变量
Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("PWDEBUG", "console");
Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("DEBUG", "pw:api");
var appDataLocal = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.LocalApplicationData);
Console.WriteLine($"playwright下载浏览器目录: {Path.Combine(appDataLocal, "ms-playwright")}");
List<KeyValuePair<string, string>> envs = new List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>();
foreach (DictionaryEntry envItem in Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables())
{
envs.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>((string)envItem.Key, (string)envItem.Value));
}
// 创建playwright实例
using var playwright = await Playwright.CreateAsync();
// 创建Chromium浏览器实例
await using var browser = await playwright.Chromium.LaunchAsync(new BrowserTypeLaunchOptions() {
Headless = false, // 关闭无头模式(有界面)
Channel = "chrome", // 指定采用chrome浏览器类型
Devtools = true, // 启用开发者工具
ChromiumSandbox = false, // 关闭浏览器沙盒
Env = envs, // 环境变量
ExecutablePath = string.Empty, // 不指定浏览器可执行文件位置，会自动寻找 ms-playwright 下载的浏览器
});
browser.Disconnected += (object sender, IBrowser e) =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"On Browser Close");
};
// 浏览器上下文
await using var context = await browser.NewContextAsync(new BrowserNewContextOptions
{
ViewportSize = new ViewportSize
{
Width = 1536, // 1920 * 0.8
Height = 864, // 1080 * 0.8
}, // 视口大小
Locale = "zh-CN", // 语言(区域)
TimezoneId = "Asia/Shanghai", // 时区
});
context.Close += (object sender, IBrowserContext e) =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"On Context Close");
};
// 新开页面(空白页)
var page = await context.NewPageAsync();
// var page = await browser.NewPageAsync();
page.Close += (object sender, IPage e) =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"On Page Close");
};
page.Dialog += async (_, dialog) =>
{
Console.WriteLine(dialog.Message);
await dialog.DismissAsync();
};
// 新开的页面跳转(打开)到指定URL
await page.GotoAsync("https://gsw945.com/");
// await page.GotoAsync("https://playwright.dev/dotnet");
// 当前页面截图并保存到指定位置
var screenshotPath = Path.GetFullPath("screenshot.png");
await page.ScreenshotAsync(new PageScreenshotOptions
{
Path = screenshotPath,
FullPage = true,
Type = ScreenshotType.Png,
OmitBackground = true
});
if (File.Exists(screenshotPath))
{
Console.WriteLine($"页面截图: {screenshotPath}");
// File.Delete(screenshotPath);
}
// (通过css选择器选择)点击指定的元素(如果元素还未出现在DOM中则等待)
// refer: https://playwright.dev/dotnet/docs/core-concepts#auto-waiting
await page.ClickAsync("a[title=\"友情链接\"]");
// (通过css选择器选择)等待元素出现在DOM中
await page.WaitForSelectorAsync("#Joe_Baidu_Record");
// 执行javascript表达式并取得结果
// refer: https://playwright.dev/dotnet/docs/core-concepts#execution-contexts-playwright-and-browser
var href = await page.EvaluateAsync<string>("document.location.href");
Console.WriteLine($"href: {href}");
// 普通逻辑, 等待console退出
await StartWait2Exit(context);
}
public static async Task StartWait2Exit(IBrowserContext context)
{
Console.WriteLine("-".PadLeft(60, '-'));
Console.WriteLine("Press [Ctrl + C] or [Q] or [Esc] to quit...");
Console.WriteLine("-".PadLeft(60, '-'));
// Ctrl + C 捕获
Console.CancelKeyPress += (object sender, ConsoleCancelEventArgs eventArgs) =>
{
eventArgs.Cancel = true;
Console.WriteLine("[Ctrl + C] pressed, to quit.");
waitQuitEvent.Set();
};
Thread t = new Thread(() =>
{
while(true)
{
// 监听是否关闭了浏览器(playwright 断开连接 或 所有打开的页面全部都关闭了)
if (!context.Browser.IsConnected || context.Pages.Count < 1)
{
Console.WriteLine("Detect Browser Context Is Not Connected or No Page is Open");
}
// 如果输入输出未重定向
if (!Console.IsInputRedirected && Console.KeyAvailable)
{
// 读取键盘输入
ConsoleKeyInfo keyInfo = Console.ReadKey(intercept: true);
Console.WriteLine($"Key: {keyInfo.Key}");
// Q或ESC键，退出
if (keyInfo.Key == ConsoleKey.Q || keyInfo.Key == ConsoleKey.Escape)
{
break;
}
}
Thread.Sleep(millisecondsTimeout: 50);
}
waitQuitEvent.Set();
});
t.IsBackground = true;
t.Start();
waitQuitEvent.WaitOne();
await Task.Yield();
}
}
参考
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